The systems independent from the network are preferred in the places where the network is completely unavailable. As long as the climate data are sufficient, these systems can be more profitable than the investment required for connection to the network, when even if the first investment costs are considered.

In these systems, batteries are required for storing the generated electricity to enable use of it at nights or when the energy is not generated. While the battery capacity is adjusted, the climate data of the region, the electricity devices to be used and the period of use are considered.

The general application fields of the systems independent from the network can be listed as follows:

• Communication stations, rural radio, wireless and telephone systems
• Cathodic pickling of petroleum pipelines
• Protection of the metal construction (bridges, towers.) from corrosion
• Telemetric measurements performed in electricity and water distribution systems, aerial observation stations
• Illumination inside and outside the premises
• Operation of electric devices such as TV, radio, refrigerator in the mountain houses and in houses far from the settlements
• Agricultural watering or water pumping for house-hold use
• Forest observation towers
• Light houses
• First aid, alarm and security systems
• Earthquake and air monitoring stations
• Mountain houses, farms
• Special applications such as ships and caravans

hybrid energy references

complete references list